PXE¶
Installation¶
DHCP server
TFTP server
Syslinux
Setup DHCP¶
next-server is the ip address of the tftp server
filename points to syslinux image
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 604800;
log-facility local7;
authoritative;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.150;
filename "pxelinux.0"; # the PXELinux boot agent
nextserver 192.168.1.23;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
}
Setup TFTP and Syslinux¶
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/tftpboot/
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/tftpboot/
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/memdisk /var/tftpboot
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/mboot.c32 /var/tftpboot/
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/chain.c32 /var/tftpboot
mkdir /var/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
mkdir -p /var/tftpboot/images/CentOS
Download ISO image (e.g. CentOS)
http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/mirror/centos/6.3/isos/i386/CentOS-6.3-i386-minimal.iso
Copy kernel and ramdisk from ISO image
mount -o loop CentOS-6.3-i386-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/
cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/* /var/tftpboot/images/CentOS
umount /mnt
Create file /var/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
DEFAULT menu.c32
PROMPT 0
MENU TITLE Balle sein PXE Main Menu
console 0
serial 0 115200 0
LABEL CentOS
MENU LABEL ^CentOS
KERNEL images/CentOS/vmlinuz
APPEND initrd=images/CentOS/initrd.img ksdevice=eth0 console=ttyS0,115200 earlyprint=serial,ttyS0,115200 ramdisk_size=9025
Optionally kickstart setup¶
Install a webserver (e.g. nginx)
Create kickstart file (/srv/http/web/centos-kickstart.cfg)
install
url --url http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/i386
lang de_DE.UTF-8
keyboard de
network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp
rootpw test123
firewall --enabled --ssh
authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5
selinux --enforcing
timezone --utc Europe/Zurich
bootloader --location=mbr
reboot
# Partitioning
clearpart --all --drives=sda
part /boot --fstype ext3 --size=100 --ondisk=sda
part pv.2 --size=0 --grow --ondisk=sda
volgroup VolGroup00 --pesize=32768 pv.2
logvol / --fstype ext3 --name=LogVol00 --vgname=VolGroup00 --size=1024 --grow
logvol swap --fstype swap --name=LogVol01 --vgname=VolGroup00 --size=256 --grow --maxsize=512
%packages
@core
openssh
openssh-clients
openssh-server
Edit /var/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default and append to the APPEND line
ks=http://<ip_of_pxe_server>/centos-kickstart.cfg
Install clonezilla images¶
Unzip clonezilla zip into
/var/lib/tftpboot/images/clonezillaEdit
/var/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/defaultand for manual installtion append
LABEL Clonezilla
MENU LABEL Clonezilla
APPEND initrd=clonezilla/live/initrd.img boot=live config noswap nolocales edd=on nomodeset ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general" ocs_live_extra_param="" keyboard-layouts="" ocs_live_batch="no" locales="" vga=788 nosplash noprompt fetch=tftp://<ip_of_pxe_server>/pxe/clonezilla/live/filesystem.squashfs
KERNEL clonezilla/live/vmlinuz
for full-automatic installion append
LABEL Clonezilla
MENU LABEL Clonezilla
APPEND initrd=images/clonezilla/live/initrd.img boot=live config noswap nolocales edd=on nomodeset ocs_live_run="/usr/sbin/ocs-sr --batch -q -e1 auto -e2 -r -j2 -p reboot restoredisk $IMAGENAME sda" ocs_live_extra_param="" ocs_live_keymap="NONE" ocs_live_batch="yes" ocs_lang="en_US.UTF-8" vga=788 nosplash noprompt ocs_prerun="mount -t nfs -o vers=3 <ip_of_pxe_server>:/local/clonezilla /home/partimag" ocs_postrun="$POST_COMMAND && reboot" fetch=tftp://<ip_of_pxe_server>/images/clonezilla/live/filesystem.squashfs
KERNEL clonezilla/live/vmlinuz
Make sure to replace $POST_COMMAND, $IMAGENAME, /path/to/image and the ip of your pxe server
Virtio disks can also be a problem make sure to use normal disks in vms
Diskless Redhat¶
Install dracut and dracut-network
Edit
/etc/dracut.confand make sure the following is set
add_dracutmodules+="nfs"
Also add network kernel modules to
add_drivers+Build initramdisk
dracut initramfs-3.10.0-327.4.5.el7.x86_64 3.10.0-327.4.5.el7.x86_64
lsinitrd initramfs-3.10.0-327.4.5.el7.x86_64
Create minimal root filesystem
yum groupinstall Base --installroot=/export/diskless-el7
yum install openssh-server openssh-clients --installroot=/export/diskless-el7
Make sure there is a network config file for your card e.g.
/export/diskless-el7/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno0
DEVICE=eno0
NAME=eno0
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
ONBOOT=yes
Create
/export/diskless-el7/etc/fstab
none /tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /var/log tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /var/run tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /var/lock tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /var/tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /var/spool tmpfs defaults 0 0
Set default target to multi-user instead of graphical
rm -f /export/diskless-el7/etc/systemd/system/default.target
ln -s ../../../usr/lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target /export/diskless-el7/etc/systemd/system/default.target
Create some links to files or dirs that otherwise want to be writable
ln -s etc/ld.so.cache~ tmp/ld.so.cache~
ln -s etc/udev/hwdb.bin tmp/hwdb.bin
mkdir tmp/catalog; ln -s var/lib/systemd/catalog tmp/catalog
ln -s etc/machine-id /tmp/machine-id
Generate ssh host keys for the image
mount -o bind /dev /export/diskless-el7/dev
chroot /export/diskless-el7
ssh-keygen -A
exit
umount /export/diskless-el7/dev
Copy your public key into the image
mkdir /export/diskless-el7/root/.ssh
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub > /export/diskless-el7/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
Delete unneeded services
cd /export/diskless-el7/etc/systemd/multi-user.target.wants
rm -f abrt* atd.service crond.service chronyd.service firewalld.service kdump.service libstoragemgmt.service rhel-dmesg.service rhsmcertd.service rngd.service sysstat.service
Edit
/var/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/defaultand add
LABEL rhel7
KERNEL diskless/vmlinuz-3.10.0-327.4.5.el7.x86_64
APPEND initrd=diskless/initramfs-3.10.0-327.4.5.el7.x86_64 root=nfs:<ip_to_nfs_server>:/export/diskless-el7:nfsvers=3 ip=dhcp netdev=boot
Fedora netinstall¶
Download lkrn from https://boot.fedoraproject.org/download
Edit
/var/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/defaultand add
LABEL Fedora
MENU LABEL boot.fedoraproject.org
IPAPPEND 2
KERNEL linux/bfo.lkrn